Leader Election Delays Signal Network Partitions

Monitor zookeeper.server_state for transitions and track time spent in election state. Alert when no leader is elected for >30 seconds, or when elections occur more than once per hour outside maintenance windows.

Check network connectivity between all ensemble members using ping and traceroute. Review firewall rules and network equipment logs for packet drops. Verify inter-node ZooKeeper ports (typically 2888, 3888) are accessible. Check for split-brain scenarios where network partition prevents quorum formation.